How Serious is a Fractured Root?
There are multiple types of fractures for the roots of teeth. The visible part of the tooth is the crown. The crown consists of the outer surface known as the enamel to withstand the pressures of biting and chewing. Every tooth has roots that go deeper into the gums and jawbone.
The Layers of a Tooth
Within each tooth, there are multiple layers. Underneath the enamel is a second layer called dentin. Inside the dentin is the pulp chamber. The dental pulp is the tooth’s center and contains nerves and blood vessels. Any damage to the tooth that affects the dental pulp will cause you serious discomfort.
Even a minor crack that you decide to leave untreated can lead to serious issues if you wait to see your dentist. Your dentist can evaluate your situation and provide the necessary treatment for various infections, cracks, chips, or breaks in the teeth.
Several Different Types of Tooth Fractures
When a tooth fracture goes deep enough, it can jeopardize the tooth and even the surrounding teeth. The fracture can also allow bacteria to enter the layers of the tooth and cause an infection. The enamel is a shield that protects teeth against infection, but a fracture negates that shield.
There are several distinct types of fractures:
- Oblique supragingival fracture- This consists of a crack in the upper portion of the tooth above the gum line. This type of fracture may not cause immediate discomfort but can lead to infection or pain in the future. This type of fracture is small, and it usually affects the tooth’s surface. The enamel is the most-used part for chewing food. A tooth with this type of fracture will develop more issues. Your dentist will need to examine the fracture to determine the most effective form of treatment.
- Oblique subgingival fracture- An oblique subgingival fracture covers more of the tooth and can even travel down the root below the gum line. This type of fracture can cause intense discomfort and make simple tasks like chewing, speaking, or sitting still difficult. This type of fracture affects the nerves within the tooth.
- Oblique root fracture- While having a similar title, an oblique root fracture occurs below the gum line and extends into the jaw. Unlike minor fractures, this fracture will be extremely painful and require immediate treatment.
- Vertical furcation fracture- A vertical furcation fracture is the tooth splitting and becoming two or more roots. This fracture will cause pain and make it impossible to use the tooth for basic functions.
- Vertical apical root fracture- A vertical apical root fracture is a fracture directly down the middle of the tooth and root. This fracture is painful and will require immediate professional treatment. The solution may involve a root canal.
- Vertical root fracture- If part of the tooth root breaks off, it is a vertical root fracture. The cause often involves brittle roots from nerve death in the tooth.
Do not Hesitate to See Your Dentist
If you believe you might have a fractured tooth root and are encountering discomfort in your mouth, make an appointment to see your dentist as soon as possible. The longer you wait, the worse the condition might get (and it may eventually lead to the need for extraction).